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Wormwood

Wormwood

This herbaceous perennial evergreen is of the genus Artemisia in the family Asteraceae.
It can grow to reach heights between 1- 3ft. and it can live up to 10 years if provided with the proper
growing environment. In the wild, wormwood can be found growing plentifully near cliffs, roads, and
riverbanks. The flowering beauty blooms during the summer and autumn months, and wormwood is
pollinated by the wind. This unique plant is actually known as much for its one-of-a-kind foliage as it is
for its flowers. Wormwood plants produce three different types of leaves on the bottom, middle and top
of the plant. The leaves at the bottom of the stem are bipinnate or tripinnate leaves with long petioles.
On the middle of the stem are smaller, less divided leaves with much shorter petioles, and at the top,
the plant produces very simple leaves without petioles at all. Wormwood boasts a wide variety of
greenish-gray foliage and stunningly-bright yellow tubular flowers, and the plant comes equipped with
both male and female reproductive organs. The pale silvery-white foliage of the wormwood plant also
makes an excellent contrast to the darker and greener leaves in the garden with its characteristic
feathery fan shapes. The leaves are covered in glands that release a substance that repels insects.
Other common names: artemisia absinthium, absinth sage, absinth sagewort, (Artemisia vulgaris)
mugwort, Artimisia Alaskana, Stinkweed, felon herb, sailor’s tobacco, and chrysanthemum weed.
There’s an ecological threat since it does invade coniferous and hardwood forests, prairies, meadows,
grasslands, fields, and disturbed areas.

Introduction
Mr. John Doe

Head Director

Description

Optimal Time/Temperature for Germination:
Since most lawn and garden centers won’t be selling Wormwood starter plants, it’s best to start with seeds. Wormwood plants grow best in Hardiness Zones 4 to 9. They will develop a deep and complex root system. This is where nourishment is derived, keeping the plant thriving year after year. Seeds are incredibly tiny and best germination temperature is about 55-65 degrees F. Time to sow seeds in starter pots is about 6-8 weeks before last expected frost. Time to sow seeds directly on the surface of the soil is when weather has warmed and all danger of frost has passed.
Optimal Soil Conditions:
The plant requires a sunny location with quickly draining soil. It does best in a fertile soil that is rich in lime and a pH level around 5.5. It is a very hardy plant and famously adaptable to poor growing conditions.
Seed Planting Depth, Spacing and Procedure:
Sow seeds in flats. For annuals, plant seeds at a depth of an eighth of an inch beneath the soil in spring or autumn. For perennials, sow in autumn on the surface of the soil. Provide 55- to 65-degree F temperatures, and allow the seeds two to nine weeks for germination. Perennials will require around 12 hours of light per day! Transplant seedlings from flats to their outdoor homes after the last frost has come and gone, allowing 12 to 24 inches of space between each plant. Because Wormwood seeds require light in order to germinate, they are sown on soil’s surface or scatter about 3-5 seeds on soil surface of starter pots left uncovered and placed so they will receive direct lighting. (Make sure that the area does not receive excessive shade.) Divide and transplant your wormwood plants every two to three years during autumn by following these steps. Remove the entire root ball from the ground. Cut the outer parts into sections, made up of equal parts root and stems, then discard the center of the plant. Replant divisions one to two feet apart in a sunny well-draining location. (the reputation for consistently meeting the need of this specific seed by quality is seedneeds.com).
Best Companion Plants and Plants that Hinder:
Chemical compounds may inhibit the growth of some surrounding plant species while stimulating the growth of others. Wormwood is a poor companion around edible plants in vegetable and herb gardens. The natural chemical substance contained within the leaves is also water soluble and washes into the soil with heavy rains. This chemical inhibits the growth of garden plants, especially fennel, sage, caraway and anise. Wormwood is also a poor companion of young plants and seedlings. If you want to make wormwood a part of your garden landscape, plant this perennial with established ornamental plants. The only plant that is considered a good companion for wormwood is carrots, as wormwood discourages attacks by the carrot fly. However, due to its toxic nature, it is better to use other companions that achieve the same effect, without the toxicity.

Growing Instructions

Crop Maintenance

Deadhead your wormwood plants during the summer to prevent self-seeding and to keep them looking their best. Snip faded flowers at the base of the stems, and carefully rake up any seeds that may have fallen during the pruning, then discard all seeds and scraps. Cut the entire plant back by half during midsummer if it starts to look leggy or droops. Using a sharp pair of shears, snip the top half of stems just above a pair of leaves. Prune wormwood in autumn to encourage a more compact, bushier plant, cutting the entire plant down to a height of two inches. If you start to notice drooping stems or discolored foliage, cut off watering for a week, and check the plant’s drainage conditions.
Moisture Requirements & Solutions:
It can still benefit greatly from occasional watering, especially during droughts or in areas with especially hot climates. Water frequently during your plant’s first summer, providing 1 in. of water every 7 to 10 days and allowing the soil to dry completely before watering again. Once wormwood is established in your garden, you can cut back on watering drastically, only providing hydration every two to three weeks during the summer and then cutting your wormwood plants off from extra moisture completely during especially rainy weather.
Weeding Needs & Solutions:
Prune back any overhanging tree branches or shrubbery that blocks the wormwood plants from getting plenty of exposure to sunlight. A small input of natural compost will not hurt in early winter, to keep soil around the plant /shrub.
Feeding Needs/Optimal Natural Fertilizers:
Since it does not like rich soil, no supplemental fertilizer should be necessary.
Pests, Diseases & Solutions:
The wormwood plant is a useful plant for discouraging harmful insects. Its aromatic qualities make it a natural deterrent to common garden pests such as ants, slugs, snails, cabbage loopers, cabbage maggots, flea beetles, codling moths, tomato hornworms and other larger pests like mice. Never use wormwood tea on edible garden plants. Wormwood is also rarely troubled by any typical garden diseases. However, it is susceptible to root rot when exposed to overly wet soil conditions. In fact, you can make your own potent and all-natural pesticide by mixing apple cider vinegar with fresh wormwood leaves.
When to Harvest/Number of days to maturity:
Patience is key when it comes to harvesting from wormwood plants. Experts advise gardeners to wait until wormwood plants are at least two years old before harvesting, as the herb’s strength and potency will increase as the plant matures. You can use the upper stalks as a potpourri ingredient or harvest the oil to make a powerful antiseptic or an all-natural pest spray. Eventually, Wormwood, if left to its natural behavior, will grow into a bush about 3-4 feet tall and a diameter of about 2 feet. Wormwood matures in late July and early August when it has the right maturity for the best essential oils. There is usually only around a week to week and a half of time frame that is just right to harvest wormwood to harvest it at its peek
How to Harvest:
Ideally wormwood should be harvested once the claws have opened and are just turning yellow, and are not very big. This will provide the best essential oil quality. If the pods are: closed, has its 4 little arms, and are green, then it is too early to harvest. However, if the blooms have turned yellow, become large and turned to pollen (that you can rub off on your fingers), then it is too late to harvest.
Optimal Storage temperature and conditions:
Cut the wormwood with scissors just above the last dead leaf. Then bundles, washes and dries it one time. The next step is the trimming. It is then trimmed just leaving the best of flowers. The bundles are hung upside down to dry for 2 to 3 weeks, then cut into smaller pieces. The pieces are then bagged to sweat for a week. After this step the wormwood is dried again to ensure there is no further mild growth.
Optimal Preserving Procedures:
Seed Saving:
When collecting seed, cut the foliage to the ground (leave some plants remaining for self-seeding) and place in a paper bag. Allow to dry and then gently shake the seeds loose. Propagation is most often done by simple division of the root clumps, which offers the fastest, most trouble-free method. Divide plants every two to three years, or when you start to notice the center beginning to die out. This is a simple matter of digging up the entire plant, dividing the root ball, and replanting. / You can also grow by cuttings with a cut 4 to 6 in. section from the tip of 2 or 3 healthy, semi-ripe shoots, using hand pruners, and place them in a container of water. Take the cuttings in autumn after the humidity drops. Make the cuts below a pair of leaf nodes from shoots of recent growth.

Harvest and Storage

Notes

‘Absinthe’ is now banned in many countries. Thujone is a potentially poisonous chemical found in wormwood. Distilling wormwood in alcohol increases the thujone concentration. Always exercise caution when planting, handling or coming in contact with the wormwood plant, as all parts of the plant are toxic. Because this bitter-tasting plant is poisonous, resulting in symptoms that range from headaches, convulsions and nerve damage, wormwood is a poor plant choice in homes with small children and pets. The aroma of the wormwood plant attracts dogs.

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