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Watercress

Watercress

Introduction
Mr. John Doe

Head Director

Description

A water plant, grown for peppery, nutritious greens. Watercress has naturalized and grows wild along many streams and in boggy meadows throughout North America.
Optimal Time/Temperature for Germination:
Sow indoors six weeks before the last frost. Ready for harvest 50 days after sowing.
Optimal Soil Conditions:
Need cool weather and plenty of water. Best grown in low wet areas of the garden where other plants that don’t like wet feet will not grow. pH should be 6.5 and 7.5.
Seed Planting Depth, Spacing and Procedure:
Pre-germinate seeds in moist papertowel then sow in growing medium such as peat moss, two seeds per pot, or small pots set in a tray of water. Place the seeds 1/4 inch (.64 cm) deep in the potting mix, allowing three to four inches (7.6 to 10.2 cm) between each seed. Position the seedlings where they will receive roughly six hours of natural light each day, but try to avoid harsh, direct sun. You can keep the containers indoors or when the weather is regularly between 55 ̊F and 75 ̊F (13 ̊ and 24 ̊C) where you live, you can place the container outside during warmer months. Transplant outdoors in a moist, shady spot. After all danger of frost has passed, seeds can be direct sown into the wet soil along a stream bed or into the wet part of a garden. You can also start growing from mature watercress purchased at a supermarket or farmer’s market. Cut the ends, then soak the base of the stalks in water for a few days to encourage root growth and proceed to plant them in soil as you would from seed. Watercress can be grown in a container plant with running water such as a fountain, or on the edge of a fish pond. Container Planting Suggestions: Choose a large container or planter with drainage holes that is at least 6 inches (15.2 cm) deep. Add a layer of landscaper’s cloth at the bottom of the container to keep the potting mix from escaping when you water. Add pieces of broken pots or small pebbles to the bot- tom layer of the container to allow for good drainage. Plastic pots don’t dry up as quickly as terra cotta. Use a soilless mixture that drains well and contains peat moss and perlite or vermiculite. Leave approximately two inches (5 cm) of space to the top rim of the container and water the mix well.
Best Companion Plants and Plants that Hinder:
As it is a water plant, Cress is a good plant to grow in wet areas where others won’t survive. in home ponds and fountains, avoid planting watercress in a spot near inedible or poisonous water plants with similar leaves, to prevent confusion and potential harm.

Growing Instructions

Crop Maintenance

Moisture Requirements & Solutions:
Watercress thrives along the edges of running fresh water. For seedlings soak the potting mix deeply enough so that water fills the drainage tray below roughly halfway full, but doesn’t rise higher than the growing container. Replace the water in the drainage tray with fresh water every two to three days. Make sure the tray never dries out. Check it daily to see if you need to add more water. You need to water container plants often or set up a soaker hose. It’s soil should be wet at all times. You can put excess water in the tray or bucket to keep the plant wet and put in a fish tank bubbler so the water does not go stagnant.
Weeding Needs & Solutions:
Keep weeds pulled in the watercress bed as they will take over due to the extra moisture.
Feeding Needs/Optimal Natural Fertilizers:
Water soluble fertilizers such as kelp powder or manure tea will benefit mature plats. Can be sprayed on the leaves.
Pests, Diseases & Solutions:
No pests or diseases of note.
When to Harvest/Number of days to maturity:
Leaves are best to pick in Spring or fall. Once the plants have grown roughly five to six inches (12.7 to cm) in height use kitchen or gardening scissors to trim the top four inches (10.1 cm) of the plant as needed.
How to Harvest:
Pick the outside shoots and use raw or cooked. Avoid taking more than a third of any plant when cutting to allow the plants enough foliage to continue growing. Periodic harvesting helps encourage new growth.
Optimal Storage temperature and conditions:
Can be kept in the fridge for a few days but best eaten fresh.
Optimal Preserving Procedures:
It may be worth experimenting with dehydration or freeze drying as a nutritious for use during winter.
Seed Saving:
Once established, Water Cress will self sow and come up on its own every year. Develops small curved seed pods that form from the tiny flowers. The seedpods shatter easily so seed harvesting is a challenge. Harvest seed pods by gently rolling seed pods in fingers after drying them. Store in a cool, dry place.

Harvest and Storage

Notes

If you are able to confirm identification with a local, it would be worth trying to find a wild variety to transplant a small piece into your garden. Be sure to take only what you need and wild harvest gently, without destroying the patch. Be prepared to avoid leeches when harvesting wild water cress.

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