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Taro

Taro

Introduction
Mr. John Doe

Head Director

Description

Description: (Colocasia esculenta) A Tropical plant with a starchy root similar to a potato. Popular as a houseplant with light green large heart shaped leaves. It is also known as an “elephant ear”. Prefers a warm, moist environment and plenty of sun. Rarely flowers and produces seeds, so most commonly grown by planting a tuber or a corm.
Optimal Time/Temperature for Germination:
Zones 8-10 As a tropical plant, that takes more than a year to mature, it has to be grown indoors in zones with cold winters. Purchase tubers from a seed supplier or garden supplier. May be easier to find at specialty markets that carry international foods from Asia or Latin America. Make sure you get the edible variety of Taro as there are some inedible varieties.
Optimal Soil Conditions:
Well drained but moist loamy soil (not muddy) with plenty of organic matter. Optimum soil PH is 5.5 to 6.5 which is slightly acidic.
Seed Planting Depth, Spacing and Procedure:
Taro rarely blooms or sets seed. There are two options for propagation: – by offshoots from the mother corm. Offshoots are separated from the main plant when they are at least 15 cm in height. – by chopping the dark top section of the taro tuber into small pieces, leave for a day to allow surfaces to dry and replant. Plant tubers in a trench 6 in (15 cm) and 40 in (100 cm) apart, and the plants should be placed 15–24 in (38–61 cm) along the rows. Cover with 2-3 inches of soil. The plant can become as large as 3 feet tall and 3 feet wide so allow sufficient space between plantings Makes a good container plant. Dig a hole about 6 in (15 cm) deep and place the tuber into the soil. Cover it with 2–3 in (5.1–7.6 cm) of soil. Taro is often grown commercially in wet beds, similar to rice, to produce larger tubers. Can be grown in a bucket or a big jar with proper water circulation and air flow to prevent diseases. Taro needs consistent irrigation and a well-drained rich soil with plenty of organic matter. Fertilize two or three times during the growing season; potash is particularly important.
Best Companion Plants and Plants that Hinder:
It is best to grow Taro in a separate container or garden bed as it has very specific needs.

Growing Instructions

Crop Maintenance

As a tropical plant, needs temperature above 60 °F (16 °C) although it can grow in part shade. Plant coverings for short temperature drops can help. Can survive temperatures as low as 50 °F (10 °C) for short periods of time, but not frost hardy. Regular weeding will increase yield. After several months, once well established, taro will produce its own ground cover that will keep weeds down.
Moisture Requirements & Solutions:
Moisture loving – Prefers a location where water collects, such as a low area in your garden, otherwise extra watering or a soaker hose will help. When there is little rain, taro will need daily watering and benefits from misting of the leaves.
Weeding Needs & Solutions:
Feeding Needs/Optimal Natural Fertilizers:
Fertilize two or three times during the growing season; potassium is particularly important but they do not benefit from too much nitrogen.
Pests, Diseases & Solutions:
Spider mites can be treated with neem oil. Encourage beneficial nematodes to allow them to hunt down and kill any of the root knot nematodes that can attack taro roots. Because the plant is moisture loving, mildews and blights must be prevented by not allowing stagnant water and removing damaged leaves. Keeping the soil constantly moist without over watering will reduce the stress to the plant and make it more resistant to diseases.
When to Harvest/Number of days to maturity:
12-18 months till maturity. Can harvest 2-3 times per year from mature plants. Decrease watering just before harvest time to force the taro to direct its nutrients to the tuber. Harvest when the main corms begin to push out of the soil surface and leaves yellow and die down.
How to Harvest:
To harvest the plant, break and loosen the tuber and its suckers manually. Pull the tuber out by hand, then wash it to remove any roots and soil.
Optimal Storage temperature and conditions:
Can refrigerate for up to 2 weeks but better to eat immediately after harvesting.
Optimal Preserving Procedures:
Doesn’t keep more than a month after harvesting. Better to leave in the ground.
Seed Saving:
Rarely blooms or sets seed. Save some tubers and re-plant after harvesting.

Harvest and Storage

Notes

Caution – DO NOT EAT RAW Due to the presence of calcium oxalate crystals which can irritate the mouth. Must be well cooked to destroy oxalate crystals. Leaves, stems and root are edible. Roots can be boiled, steamed, baked, or fried like potatoes.

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