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Peach Tree

Peach Tree

The self-fertile deciduous tree belongs to the Rosaceae family and the Prunus genus. It can grow up to 25 feet (7.6 m) tall. ripening May through August. As an angiosperm, their seeds are enclosed within the fruit that grows on them. The fruits flesh is yellow, with bright red touches closest to the stone. They have a soft texture.
Introduction
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Description

When learning how to plant a peach tree, gardeners must understand that this delicate tree will require specific conditions and will be prone to disease and insect infestation. When these factors are taken into consideration and a peach tree is planted and cared for correctly to guard against them, it will produce tasty fruit each growing season.
Optimal Time/Temperature for Germination:
Grow one from a seed or pit, but that is much more time consuming and a bit more difficult. A peach seed will grow into a flowering peach tree in about 3 to 6 years; if you buy a peach tree at the nursery, aim for one about a year old – and the reward will be much more imminent. If you do end up purchasing a young tree, look for a dormant one with few to no leaves. These are best purchased between fall and early spring. If you try to plant an active tree with green leaves and full branches, it may put too much strain on the tree, and it is likelier that the tree will fail. As for using a peach seed, make sure it comes from a delicious, juicy peach, so your future peaches have the traits of “their mother” (although you should keep in mind that there is no guarantee that it will share these traits). When you find a tasty peach, set out the pit to dry for a few days. When it’s brittle, crack it open to reveal the seeds – they’ll look like almonds. Peaches grow well in zones 5-9, but are best in zones 6 and 7. “Frost” and “Avalon Pride” are two varieties that can withstand a bit of cold weather. If you’re looking for a smaller variety that you can grow on your deck or patio in a pot, “Pix-Zee” and “Honey Babe” are good choices. They only reach about 6 feet (1.8 m) tall. Planting time can be November to the end of February.
Optimal Soil Conditions:
The best time to plant a peach tree is in spring while the tree is still dormant. Do not try transplanting an active peach tree in summer as this may harm the tree. Peaches love sun – at least 6 hours of direct sunlight each day is good. They also like it hot, so the warmest place in your garden (like next to a south-facing wall where it can receive plenty of reflected heat) is great. Look for a spot that has well-drained, sandy, moderately fertile soil, is elevated to give your tree proper airflow (and to reduce the risk of frost) and, as mentioned above, will also provide direct sunlight the majority of the year. If the pH of the soil is too low (you want the pH to be around 6.0-7.0).
Seed Planting Depth, Spacing and Procedure:
Standard size trees need more room, up to 18 feet (5.5 m) apart. Dwarf and semidwarf varieties need less spacing; about 10 to 14 feet (3 to 4.3 m) should be sufficient. Plan on spacing trees as far apart as their expected height. Plant at least 20 feet (6.1 m) from a wall because you don’t want the tree’s roots to damage your house’s foundation. Prepare a section of ground that is 5 feet (1.5 m) or more in diameter. Thoroughly break up the soil with a garden tiller or garden spade. This amount of space makes it easy for the roots to spread out, helping the tree grow. Go 1 foot (30 cm) deep into the soil for the best support for the peach tree’s roots. Spread the roots away from the base of the tree, but be careful not to bend them. Add peat moss and organic matter such as compost to the prepared soil. Mix it up well, loosening the soil. Then, water the area where you will be placing the peach tree. Just a bit more than a light sprinkle will do; you do not want to saturate the dirt. Place the tree in your hole on a small mound of soil, and fill the hole back up. Pat the soil around the peach tree gently with a garden spade to secure it. If you have a grafted tree, position the inside of the curve of the graft union away from the sun. Check your peach tree each day and water it lightly if it appears wilted. General rainfall is all a peach tree needs, but if you live in a particularly dry area, it may need a light watering.
Best Companion Plants and Plants that Hinder:
Garlic, marigolds, onions, asparagus, legumes, basil, and tansy are the best and these plants help keep pests away.

Growing Instructions

Crop Maintenance

Pruning may seem counterintuitive, but is actually incredibly beneficial in aiding new growth on peach trees. Pruning your peach trees produces new growth, which in turn produces more fruit. Therefore, pruning yields a larger crop over time. You want it to take on an open center shape. After the first year and in the summer, cut the shoots that are forming on the top of the tree by two or three buds. In a month, check the tree for progress. If you have three wide-angled branches spaced equally apart, cut back other branches to keep these as your three main branches. A year from then, again in summer, prune any shoots growing below these main branches. From then on, remove any shoots in the center of the tree to help it keep its shape. Prune the tree in late winter or early spring to shape the tree. Cut off any branches that are rubbing against others as well as any that might be growing up into the open center of the tree. Pruning annually encourages production, not diminishes it. It encourages new growth, allocating more resources to the parts of the tree you want growing. You’ll get 10 to 18 inches of new growth each season. (It’s best to read on specifics before pruning on a peach tree.) No need to bring a potted peach tree in for the winter because it needs a chill period to fruit correctly. It will be fine left out through the winter. Water less if in a pot, because the roots may freeze if they’re too wet.
Moisture Requirements & Solutions:
Apart from this, to take care of weeds and nutrition, an organic mulch will likely do the trick. Just make a circle of mulch over the root zone about 2 inches (5 cm) deep and about 3 feet (90 cm) in diameter. With the right amount of rainfall, you can literally just sit back and watch your tree grow.
Weeding Needs & Solutions:
Grass is greedy – making sure it’s not around the base of your tree will prevent it from inhibiting your tree’s growth.
Feeding Needs/Optimal Natural Fertilizers:
To take nutrition, an organic mulch will likely do the trick. Just make a circle of mulch over the root zone that’s a couple of inches (5 cm) deep and 3 feet (90 cm m) or so in diameter. With the right amount of rainfall, you can literally just sit back and watch your tree grow. After 6 weeks or so, 1 lb (454 g) of nitrogen fertilizer spread evenly over the area will help your tree flourish. After the initial year, you can decrease the amount to 12 oz (340 g). After the third year when the tree is mature, add 1 lb (454 g) of actual nitrogen to the soil. This is best done in the spring. To make your tree hardier, don’t fertilize it within 2 months of the first frost or when the fruits are maturing.
Pests, Diseases & Solutions:
You may also want to consider deterring insect borers by wrapping the trunk with scraps of garden row cover. To keep rodents away, you can surround the tree with a cylinder of mesh hardware cloth. Use a lime-sulfur spray to raise your tree’s chances against peach leaf curl, the most common disease culprit.
After the tree blooms, which will take about 4 to 6 weeks, thin the fruit by spacing them out 6 to 8 inches (15 to 20 cm) apart. This ensures that the fruit left over becomes large and juicy. You also want the sun to be able to reach all branches and fruit – if some fruit is flowering in the shade, thin it – that way you can allocate the nutrients to the fruits that will grow faster. You always want an “open canopy” for your fruit. Try to have every branch have access to plenty of sunlight. Remove dead, dying, and crossing branches and blooms to give your fruit the best chance.
When to Harvest/Number of days to maturity:
Peach trees are fast-growing fruit trees that produce fruit as early as 3 to 4 years when grown from a pit. However, most gardeners prefer to purchase young trees from nurseries or tree farms rather than try to grow a tiny, fragile seedling into a viable tree. Peach trees from nurseries or tree farms generally produce fruit in 1 to 2 years.
How to Harvest:
Watch the fruits on the top and outsides of the tree – they’ll likely be ready for harvest first. When there are no longer any bits of green on the fruits, they’re ready. They should come off with a slight twist. Peaches are notorious for bruising easily, so be careful when you pick them.
Optimal Storage temperature and conditions:
They can store in a resealable bag in the fridge for up to 5 days or, of course, you could make peach jam. If your trees produce an abundance of peaches, consider freezing some for later use.
Optimal Preserving Procedures:
Seed Saving:

Harvest and Storage

Notes

Some folks are told they should always plant two peach trees. Is this true? No, you only need one peach tree if you only want one. His reply was that he only has one and the 5th year yielded a small bushel full of peaches throughout the summer. If you know in advance that you will be planting peach trees, prepare the soil by adding fertilizer, organic matter and compost as early as 2 years prior to planting. This will provide rich, well-draining soil that is full of nutrients. When learning how to plant a peach tree, keep in mind that soil that is very moist or doesn’t drain well after rain will not be good for your tree’s root system. Peach trees do best in sandy soil that drains quickly when thoroughly soaked. Spring is the best time of the year to plant a peach tree to give it an entire growing season to adjust to its new environment. Warnings: Never over-water a peach tree. The roots are delicate and too much water can cause damage. Do not plant a peach tree in an area with lots of shade. Peach trees require a lot of direct sunlight and won’t grow properly or produce fruit without it. Do not plant a peach tree deeper than about 12 inches (30 cm). Planting it too deeply can cause damage to the roots and death to the tree. Do not expect fruit the first year. Some peach trees take as long as 2 to 3 years to produce peaches.

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