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Lemon Balm

Lemon Balm

Lemon balm, is a perennial herb, so it will die down in the winter and regrow
from the roots in the spring. Don’t worry if your plants die in the cold weather. It’s also
known as Melissa, bee balm, common balm, or mint balm and is a popular herb used to promote
health and well-being. It is a calming herb that belongs to the mint family. Lemon balm has
lemon-scented, oval, toothed leaves that are heavily veined or quilted from 2 to 3 inches
long arranged opposite one another on four-sided stems. Leaves are coarsely toothed with a
bristly surface. As its name implies, it has a lemony flavor that makes it ideal to use for tea, salads, herbal infusions, and other dishes. It is loved by bees and therefore an important herb to grow
near your honey bee hives.

Introduction
Mr. John Doe

Head Director

Description

Optimal Time/Temperature for Germination:
Lemon balm grows best in cooler weather, so it’s best planted in the spring after the last frost. However, you can also plant it in later summer when the weather starts to cool. You can also grow lemon balm indoors. Choose a large pot that’s at least 6 to 8 inches (15 to 20 cm) deep and wide, and keep it in a location where it will receive significant sun during the day. Growing zone is 4 to 9. You can plant lemon balm from seeds or seedlings, which are young plants that have already sprouted stems. In most cases, you’ll have easier time using seedlings, though lemon balm seeds are fairly hardy and usually sprout without much trouble. It typically takes 6 weeks for lemon balm seeds to develop into seedlings. If you or a friend has an existing lemon balm plant, you can harvest a shoot from the plant and place it in a glass of water. Change the water daily, and once the shoot begins to root, you can plant it outdoors or in a container.
Optimal Soil Conditions:
Lemon balm grows best in a location that receives full sun. However, it is partially shade-tolerant, so it can do well in a spot that receives some shade in the afternoon. Even if you plan to grow the lemon balm outdoors, you may want to plant it in a container. That way, you can easily move it around your yard or deck to find the ideal spot. When it comes to choosing soil to grow the lemon balm in, opt for a rich, well-drained clay or sandy loam. Ideally, you want the soil to have a pH between 6.0 and 7.5. Soilless potting mixes, vermiculite, perlite, coco peat, and rockwool are also ideal mediums for growing lemon balm as long as you fertilize them regularly.
Seed Planting Depth, Spacing and Procedure:
When it comes time to place the lemon balm in the soil, proper spacing is key because it can spread quickly as it grows. Place seeds 1⁄4 inch (0.64 cm) beneath the soil and seedlings at the same depth that they are in their containers, and space the plants so they’re at least 12 to 15 inches (30 to 38 cm) apart. You may need to thin the seedlings as they grow so there is enough space between the plants.
Best Companion Plants and Plants that Hinder:
Plants that pair well with lemon balm in a garden or container include broccoli, squash, cauliflower, and other cabbage family plants. The fragrance of lemon balm helps deter insects that attack cabbage family crops and also masks the smell of cabbage. Plant lemon balm with hollyhocks, angelica, and nasturtiums. Lemon balm attracts honeybees; plant it near fruit trees to aid pollination.

Growing Instructions

Crop Maintenance

Moisture Requirements & Solutions:
Lemon balm requires soil that is consistently moist for healthy growth. It’s best to water it on a weekly schedule, making sure to water the plants evenly so the surface is moist but doesn’t have any puddles. If you live in a dry climate or are experiencing particularly hot, dry weather, you may need to water the lemon balm twice a week. Check the soil daily to ensure that it is still moist.
Weeding Needs & Solutions:
To keep the soil moist and provide additional nutrients, it helps to add mulch around the lemon balm once a year. Opt for an organic mulch, and spread approximately 2 inches (5.1 cm) of it around the base of the plants. Organic mulch includes compost, leaves, grass clippings, wood, and bark. you can add mulch to your plants each spring or each fall. Keep an eye on the mulch around the plants. If it’s washed or blown away, you may need to add it more than once a year.
Feeding Needs/Optimal Natural Fertilizers:
It is suggested that gardeners don’t fertilize lemon balm much as too much fertilizer can cause the herb’s scent to fade. However, since lemon balm is harvested for its leaves, a little bit of fertilizer can encourage more growth. You can also amend the soil with compost cottonseed meal or bloodmeal.
Pests, Diseases & Solutions:
Be careful not to overwater the lemon balm or powdery mildew may develop. Lemon balm can be vulnerable to diseases such as verticillium wilt. To keep your plants healthy, cut away any dead flowers or leaves when you spot them. It’s also a good idea to keep healthy leaves trimmed to ensure effective air circulation around the plants. Spray plants with compost tea during the season; compost tea is a natural fungicide.
When to Harvest/Number of days to maturity:
You can remove sprigs as soon as the plant starts growing, though it’s usually best to wait until it’s grown at least a few stems. The best time to harvest is just before the flowers open. ( Lemon balm blooms throughout the summer and into fall. )
How to Harvest:
Lemon balm rejuvenates itself well, so whenever the plants have gotten too large, cut them back to ensure that there’s still space between them. To harvest lemon balm for tea and other uses, simply pinch off sprigs from the plant.
Optimal Storage temperature and conditions:
Fresh lemon balm leaves can be tasty in salads, smoothies, and dishes, but you may want to dry some for longer-term storage. Thoroughly washing the lemon balm ensures that your herbs will be free of any dirt or insects from the garden. Line a paper towel or clean dish towel with the lemon balm and gently pat it dry with another sheet of paper towel or cloth. To dry the leaves, gather 5 or 6 stems together and tie them with kitchen string. Hang them in a warm, dark location for 1 to 3 weeks. You’ll know that the leaves are ready when they feel dry and brittle to the touch. After you take the leaves down from drying, untie them from their bundles. Remove the leaves from the stems, but keep them in large pieces to retain their flavor. Place them in an airtight jar or other container for storage. Avoid plastic bags for storing the leaves because they are prone to condensation that can damage the lemon balm. Store it in a cool, dark place. Whole dried plants retain their essence longer than crumbled or ground ones, so hold off on crumbling it up for tea or seasoning until you are ready to use it. Another way is to spread the lemon balm out on the tray of the dehydrator. You should have a thin layer of plants and leaves. To avoid overcrowding, leave a little space between the plants. You do not want thick layers or clusters as this will prevent the machine from drying effectively. Lemon balm is a tender herb and will do best on a low setting. Set the dehydrator’s temperature on its lowest setting 95 °F (35 °C) and allow it to dry for 12–18 hours. One more way is to freeze- fill each ice cube tray 2/3 full and top with cold water and should be good for a year.
Optimal Preserving Procedures:
Seed Saving:
Deadhead plants to prevent self-sowing. Lemon balm spreads by underground roots. To keep lemon balm from becoming invasive, set it in the garden in a bottomless container that will keep the roots in place. Remove unwanted plants before they become established.

Harvest and Storage

Notes

Not only do its leaves have a rich, zippy, lemon smell, but they also contain compounds that can repel mosquitoes. It is important to note that lemon balm is only added at the end of cooking time or the aroma is gone. Cut plants back by half after flowering to encourage a second crop of leaves and a compact form. Lemon balm, generously rubbed on the inside of new bee hives will help attract the bees into the hive to re-populate with a new queen.

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