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Ginkgo Biloba tree

Ginkgo Biloba tree

Ginkgo biloba, also called maidenhair(family: Ginkgoaceae Genus) isa broadleaf,
deciduous tree. While it loses its leaves in winter, it is classified as a conifer and is dioecious,
meaning that some trees are male while others are female. The gingko biloba’s uniquely fan-shaped
leaves start out green but change to golden-yellow in the fall. Before the whole leaf turns golden,
there is sometimes a stage during which the leaf is two-toned, with separate bands of gold and
green. The bark on older specimens of the tree becomes deeply furrowed.

Introduction
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Description

Optimal Time/Temperature for Germination:
Plant ginkgo biloba in an area that receives full sun to part shade while it will grow well in planting zones 4to 9, however, they can struggle in hot, dry climates. If planting by seed, Place seeds in baggies with a bit of moist peat moss and store somewhere warm, but not hot, for six weeks. Ginkgo trees and their dropped fruit experience true winters where they are native. That means your seeds need to have the same cold exposure. After seeds have sat in the bags for the allotted time, move them to the refrigerator for at least three months. This stratification process will allow dormancy in the embryo to break so germination can occur. You can also moisten sand and pot up the seeds, placing the containers outside for winter.
Optimal Soil Conditions:
The ginkgo is not fussy about soil type or most soil conditions and will tolerate both acidic and alkaline soil as well as compacted soil. It prefers well-drained sandy soil or loam. Most of the recommended cultivars of gingko biloba grow best in full sun in the North (partial sun in the South), have average water needs, and stand up well to pollution and road salt. In fact, as salt-tolerant plants, they are good choices for those who landscape near the ocean. They are more tolerant of compacted soil than many other types of trees.
Seed Planting Depth, Spacing and Procedure:
Once the allotted time has elapsed, remove the seeds and rub them with sandpaper or an emery board. Some growers recommend soaking the seed in a 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide but this is not necessary if you scrub your pots and fill them with pre-moistened medium. Plant seeds shallowly, until just covered. Cover the container with a clear plastic bag and place in a warm location. Keep the medium moderately moist. Expect germination in30 to 60 days. Remove the bags once you see sprouts. It can take up to 20 years for your little tree to fruit on its own, but it will make a lovely houseplant for several years before you transplant it outdoors to grow to maturity.
Best Companion Plants and Plants that Hinder:
Good companion plants wood be Fagus, Weigela, Abies concolor candicans (White Fir), Cornus sanguinea (Bloodtwig dogwood), Euonymus alatus (Burning bush), and Continus coggygria (Smoke bush).

Growing Instructions

Crop Maintenance

The male trees are preferred (unless you have allergies), because they are fruitless. Female trees bear a fruit-like product (actually a seed ball) that not only emits a foul odor but also is slippery when it drops down on sidewalks or driveways. Cleaning up after female Ginkgo biloba trees is a high-maintenance task. The problematic “fruit” is about the size of a cherry tomato. Fortunately, all-male cultivars have been created through grafting.
Moisture Requirements & Solutions:
Water as needed to keep the soil moist,provided the site is well-drained. Moisture is particularly important when the tree is young; it is relatively drought-tolerant at maturity.
Weeding Needs & Solutions:
Feeding Needs/Optimal Natural Fertilizers:
Young ginkgo biloba trees can benefit from a spring feeding of tree fertilizer. Mature trees typically do not need to be fed.
Pests, Diseases & Solutions:
They are mostly disease-resistant and tolerate urban pollution. Complications might occur like Root rot nematodes which are tiny,soil-dwelling worms that feed on a tree’s roots. Their feeding causes the ginkgo roots to form galls that prevent the roots from absorbing water and nutrients. All you can do is to start managing sick ginkgo trees by adding compost or peat to the soil to help the trees process nutrients. If they become badly infected, you’ll have to remove and destroy them. Phytophthora soil-borne pathogens can cause a tree to die within a few years if not treated by a fungicide. Very few bugs on ginkgo trees can be found but occasionally foliage eating cicada, caterpillars, like loopers, attack them. These ravenous eaters have been known to chew through the tender leaf leaving just the veins, known as skeletonization. This feeding habit may result in defoliation, dieback, and possible death, especially if the infestation is severe. Luckily, this is rare and most random caterpillars can be hand plucked from the tree. Also, natural predators, such as lacewings and assassin bugs,can be released to naturally manage these ginkgo pests.
When to Harvest/Number of days to maturity:
Female trees bear generous amounts of fruits in autumn.
How to Harvest:
This pungent smell is due to butyric acid and is described anywhere from stinky cheese to rancid butter. The Ginkgo is called the “silver apricot” in Japan and The oldest Ginkgo Biloba tree on record is in Eastern China and is around 3,500 years old and still standing strong. To harvest Ginkgo nuts, first: find a good pair of gloves. The fleshy fruit around the ginkgo seed, also called a sarcotesta, contains urushiol, which is the same chemical in poison ivy that can cause dermatitis and, for some people, skin blistering. Although technically edible for those who can stomach the smell, it is not recommended in case of potential skin reaction. The fruit once picked can last up to around a week, and can be submerged in water for easier removal of the outer layer (but you may want to do this outside – it will stink up your house!
Optimal Storage temperature and conditions:
The nut inside has a shell that is similar to pistachio, but thinner, and can be roasted still in the shell. It is recommended to roast the nut, as it contains mildly toxic elements that break down and become less toxic once cooked. However, it is not recommended for adults to eat more than a handful at a time, and it is never recommended for children as it causes depletion of vitamin B6. After roasting, the nut becomes a beautiful translucent jade color and tastes similar to edamame, pine nuts, or chestnuts. Disclaimer: Always use caution when trying a new foraged food, as often it can cause side effects. And use extra caution if you are allergic to tree nuts.
Optimal Preserving Procedures:
Seed Saving:
Ginkgo Biloba will propagate by seed or semi-hardwood cuttings. (See above notes).

Harvest and Storage

Notes

Noted that the fruit is edible only in moderation and if you can get past the nasty smell, what most folks eat is the nut inside the fruit. East Asians consider eating nuts a delicacy andingest them, not only for their flavor, but for nutritional and medicinal properties. You can expect your Ginkgo to flower around the winter and in the spring months from January to March (winter) and from April to June (spring).

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