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Garlic

Garlic

Perennial plant of the amaryllis family grown for its flavorful bulbs. Its close relatives
include the onion, shallot, leek, chive, Welsh onion and Chinese onion.

Introduction
Mr. John Doe

Head Director

Description

Optimal Time/Temperature for Germination:
If you live in a northern area that gets a hard frost, it is recommended that you plant garlic in the fall. Garlic overwinters well, and planting it early will cause the bulbs to be larger and more flavorful. However, if you live in a southern area that doesn’t have cold winters, plant your garlic early spring instead. In temperate climates, garlic can be planted in winter.
Optimal Soil Conditions:
Garlic needs a lot of full sun, but it might tolerate partial shade provided it’s not for very long during the day or growing season. The soil must be well dug over and crumbly. Sandy loam is best. If you’re planting garlic in the fall, plan to plant it 6 – 8 weeks before the ground freezes. (cover the area with 6 inches of straw to protect the garlic during the winter) If you’re planting garlic in the spring, plant it as soon as the ground can be worked in February or March. (mulch it to retain soil moisture) Lime is not needed unless your soil is strongly acidic. Ideal soil pH is 5.5 to 6.7
Seed Planting Depth, Spacing and Procedure:
Break the fresh cloves from the head and be careful not to damage the cloves at their base where they attach to the garlic plate. If the base is damaged, the garlic will not grow. Plant the larger cloves. The smaller cloves take up just as much space in the planting bed,but they produce much smaller bulbs. If in rows, garlic should be kept 30cm apart. Divide the bulb into individual cloves, keeping the papery skin intact. Plant the cloves 4 inches apart and about 2 inches deep. Make sure that the flat root side is pointing down and the tapered side is pointing up – otherwise the garlic will grow in the wrong direction.Cover the planted garlic cloves with soil and pat gently. Suitable toppings include hay, dry leaves, straw, compost, well rotted manure, or well rotted grass clippings.
Best Companion Plants and Plants that Hinder:
Asparagus and garlic can’t cohabitate in the same garden. Also not with beans, parsley, sage, and strawberries.

Growing Instructions

Crop Maintenance

You should see the garlic scapes emerge from the ground in early spring. Cut off any flower shoots you see, since if they’re left to grow they’ll take energy away from the bulb formation and result in smaller bulbs.
Moisture Requirements & Solutions:
Water the garlic every 3 to 5 days throughout the growing season. When you see the soil get dry and dusty, that means it’s time to water. Garlic plants don’t need to be water during the fall and winter.
Weeding Needs & Solutions:
Keep the garlic bed weeded so that the garlic doesn’t have to compete with other plants for nutrients and water.
Feeding Needs/Optimal Natural Fertilizers:
The planted garlic needs a complete fertilizer at the time of planting. If the garlic shoots look yellowish or limp in the middle of the growing season, you can dress the plants with fertilizer to help them perk up.
Pests, Diseases & Solutions:
Fungal root diseases can be a problem for garlic. Never over-water. Insects, mice, and other creatures may come to eat the garlic or make a nest among the plants. Beware the following pests: Aphids seem to enjoy garlic leaves, and the flower buds. They’re easy to get rid of — simply rub your fingers over them and squash them or apply a pesticide. Many people tend to plant garlic underneath roses to deter aphids; the roses benefit from the aphids being drawn away. Mice and other small creatures sometimes nest in mulch. If you have a problem with mice in your area, consider using plastic mulch or landscaping fabric.
When to Harvest/Number of days to maturity:
Garlic bulbs are ready to be harvested when you can feel the individual cloves in the bulb, and the leaves turn yellow or brown.
How to Harvest:
Use a spade to dig around the garlic bulbs without breaking through the cloves. Brush off excess dirt. You can leave the garlic stem attached to the bulb
Optimal Storage temperature and conditions:
Before you use the garlic, it’s necessary to let it cure. During this time the skin will dry and the bulb will become firm. Store the harvested garlic in a cool, dry place for curing. The ideal temperature is 80°F (26.7°C). You can cut off the stem and cure the garlic bulbs individually in a storage bin. Make sure they get plenty of air circulation. Another common way to cure and store garlic is to leave the stems attached and braid them, then hang the garlic in a cool, dry place. You can also cure your garlic by hanging the cloves upside down in a warm, shaded area with the leaves attached. The cloves should be firm to the touch, and easy to pull apart. Pick out a few large bulbs to plant either in the fall before the ground freezes or in early spring. Garlic cloves can be kept in oil or vinegar. However, to avoid the potential for bacterial growth, keep in the refrigerator and consume quickly. WARNING: Extreme care must be taken when preparing flavored oils with garlic or when storing garlic in oil. Do not store garlic in oil at room temperature. Garlic-in-oilmixtures stored at room temperature provide perfect conditions for producing botulism toxin (low acidity, no free oxygen in the oil, and warm temperatures). The same hazard exists for roasted garlic stored in oil.
Optimal Preserving Procedures:
Seed Saving:
Planting true garlic seed broadens the potential for the species, reduces diseases bred into cloned garlic and increases plant vigor. Watch for the flowers’ ovaries to swell, which happens as the seeds develop. A blossom’s ovaries are at the base of the flower. Watch for the flowers’ ovaries to swell, which happens as the seeds develop. A blossom’s ovaries are at the base of the flower. Harvest the seeds when the umbels and ovaries dry completely, generally 45 to 60 days after pollination. Cut each scape with scissors. Put the cut umbels in a paper sack, and shake the sack to release the seeds.

Harvest and Storage

Notes

You can always try planting garlic you bought from the grocery store, but you’ll have a much higher chance of having a successful crop if you buy garlic cloves, or seeds, from a plant nursery that stocks varieties that grow well in your area. Shop online for a wider selection of garlic and choose one to your liking. Some strains are stronger, some are hardy during cold temperatures, and so on. The garlic stocked in grocery stores is often shipped in from faraway places, so it won’t necessary be a strain that works with your climate and soil type. Garlic sold in grocery stores has usually been treated with chemicals to make it last longeron the shelf. It’s harder to grow treated garlic than untreated garlic. After harvest, don’t freeze garlic bulbs. They will turn to mush and be unsuitable for reuse.

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