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Fenugreek

Fenugreek

Fenugreek is used as a herb (dried or fresh leaves), spice (seeds), and vegetable
(fresh leaves, sprouts, microgreens). The seeds are cuboid-shaped and yellow to amber-colored.This annual herb has use in traditional medicine. Its native habitat includes uncultivated
ground, the edges of fields and dry grassland. The flowers resemble a butterfly. The consumable
parts of fenugreek (both the leaf and seed) come from the stem portion of the plant. It has a
lovely aroma similar to clover, a close relative, and vanilla. This annual herb has uses in medicine so caution and do research.
Introduction
Mr. John Doe

Head Director

Description

Optimal Time/Temperature for Germination:
Depending on where you buy from and whether or not you buy organic seeds, it will cost anywhere between 25 cents to $1 for an ounce of fenugreek seeds. Fenugreek prospers in warm soil, so any time from spring to early autumn will work for most places. If you live in a colder place, or you want to start growing your fenugreek before spring, you can start it off indoors as early as 5 weeks before the last frost. Hardiness Zone 5a to 11.
Optimal Soil Conditions:
Fenugreek can be planted in the soil in your yard, a twelve-inch planter, or even a tray filled with dirt. Ideally, you want an area with full sun, but partial shade or even filtered sunlight will also work. Fenugreek does not do well when transplanted, so either plan to plant your fenugreek in the area where it will mature from the beginning, or try using a biodegradable pot that you can plant into the ground later. You will want the soil you use to have a well-drained, loamy texture. It should also have a slightly acidic pH balance. 6.4 pH is considered ideal, but anything between 6.0 and 7.0 pH is generally considered acceptable, so test it before you plant your seeds. Fenugreek seeds must be continually kept moist, but you also have to make sure they don’t become overwatered. For that purpose you will need to make sure that the water can easily drain away by breaking up any large chunks of soil. You can also mix in river sand to make it drain better, and add organic compost material and manure to help fertilize it better. You’ll also need to make sure that there is space to cover your seeds with more potting soil.
Seed Planting Depth, Spacing and Procedure:
Soaking the seeds overnight before you plant them will help to increase their germination rate. Place the seeds in a bowl or cup of room temperature water and leave them there overnight. In the morning, drain the water before planting the seeds. If you are planting your seeds in an outdoor garden, you’ll want to dig the ground up to 25cm down to break up the soil. If you are using a container with loose potting soil instead, you probably won’t need to break any of the soil once you’ve poured it into the container. Be sure to leave some space between the top of the soil and the edge of the container to fill in more soil on top of the seeds once they have been sown. Sprinkle seeds across the dirt in the areas you want your fenugreek to grow. Don’t worry about making sure that the seeds are even or perfectly spaced. Fenugreek seeds don’t have to be distanced a certain amount of space apart in order to grow properly like some plants. Fenugreek does not need to be buried very deep in soil. In fact, only .5cm, or ¼ inch, of potting soil provides ample coverage for your fenugreek. You will want to be sure they’reburied so that scavengers like birds will not eat them.
Best Companion Plants and Plants that Hinder:
Corn, squash, potatoes, peppers, cucumbers, and rye are good companions. Avoid planting any legume next to members of the allium family which are bulb onion, spring onions, garlic, shallots, chives, and Egyptian walking onions.

Growing Instructions

Crop Maintenance

If potted, fenugreek loves being close to bright, sunny windows so place it less than a foot from a south-facing window to maximize the potential for growth. (fenugreek does not tolerate low-light) Fenugreek grows vertically and new growth will emerge from the top of the plant.
Moisture Requirements & Solutions:
In order for the seeds to germinate (that is, begin to sprout), you will have to water them in the soil. Make sure that the soil is evenly moist.The excess water should quickly drain away, but you will want to continue to keep it well-moistened over the coming days. Sometime between the third and fifth days theyshould start to bud. Because of the rainy environment that fenugreek adapted to, it’s advised that you maintaina steady slow drip watering method instead of pouring water on the surface periodically. Not only will this make water delivery constant and even, it also allows the water to penetrate the soil deeper and more effectively.
Weeding Needs & Solutions:
You will need to minimize weeds around this plant for good production. However, you want to be careful not to disturb the root system of the fenugreek. If weeds emerge, you can clip them at the head with scissors to keep them in check until you harvest your fenugreek.
Feeding Needs/Optimal Natural Fertilizers:
Compost every 1 to 2 months depending on your location and season. It only requires moderate fertility and will not grow well in soil that has excess nitrogen. If plants need a mid-season fertility boost, compost tea is your best bet to stimulate growth. Just add 1 part compost tea to every 8 parts water in your watering can and moisten the soil like usual. You can also use low nitrogen, high beneficial bacteria fertilizers like fish emulsion to perk plants up in extended hot or dry periods.
Pests, Diseases & Solutions:
Although fenugreek does not suffer from too many pests or diseases, you may notice a powdery mildew, aphids, or charcoal rot. Beware pests like crickets,snails, and slugs which enjoy eating fenugreek sprouts. If the aphid infestation is minimal, spraying the plant with water or using reflective elements in the mulch can easily solve the issue. However, if the infestation is rampant, using repelling soaps or oils would be the best plan of action.
When to Harvest/Number of days to maturity:
It takes between 3-4 weeks for the seedlings to be ready to harvest. You will know that it’s time by the height of the sprouts, which should grow to about 6 inches or 140 mm tall. You can use the same soil to plant other seeds if you want, no need to change it.
How to Harvest:
Depending on whether you’re trying to get leaves or seeds from your fenugreek you will want to vary how you harvest the plant. For leaves, cut the plant at the stem a few centimeters above the soil, pull them up by the roots, or you can remove the older leaves first and leave the younger leaves in place to continue growing fenugreek. For seeds, wait for the pods on the plant to turn yellow, signaling that they’ve fully ripened, and harvest the seed before the pod pops open.
Optimal Storage temperature and conditions:
Obtain fenugreek from a reliable source to minimize risk of contamination and store it at room temperature. Keep it away from moisture and heat. Store fenugreek seeds in an airtight container. The leaves dried tend to have a shelf life of 6 months to a year at best depending on how often you open and close your container. Sprouted fenugreek seeds are great in a salad. Pure fenugreek seeds taste better roasted or blended with spices. You can also mix fenugreek into pancakes, herbal teas, breads, and baked goods.
Optimal Preserving Procedures:
Seed Saving:
Some varieties of fenugreek do not regrow after flowering. So if you want a constant supply of fresh fenugreek, you should plan to sow seeds every 2-3 weeks, as that is around the time the current set of plants will die. If you want to reuse the same area, especially immediately, you’ll want to pull up the remains of the plants after harvesting and compost them. If you are growing fenugreek for seeds, you’ll get fatter seed pods and faster production if you don’t harvest any leaves. That’s why it’s a good idea to grow some fenugreek plants only for leaves. Then, reserve some to grow unharvested for good seed production.

Harvest and Storage

Notes

Fenugreek is sometimes used as animal feed. It provides a green fodder palatable to ruminants. The seeds are also used to feed fish and domestic rabbits. To really express the flavor of the seeds they need to be roasted. However similar to coffee, they will taste better if you wait to roast the seeds right before you use them. To roast, heat up a cast iron pan and toss them in for a few minutes. Turn them each time they start to smell like brown sugar until all sides are lightly browned. Then use your seeds immediately in your favorite recipes. Good crop rotation is also key. Don’t plant fenugreek in areas where other legumes have been for at least three years to reduce risks

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