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Caraway

Caraway

Caraway is a herbaceous biennial plant in the family Apiaceae. It has finely divided,
feathery leaves with thread-like divisions that grow on 8 to 12 in. (20–30 cm) stems. The main flower
stem is 16 to 24 in. (40–60 cm) tall, with small white or pink flowers in umbels. Caraway fruits, called
seeds, are 1/16 in.(2 mm) long with a crescent shape and five pale ridges.

The first season it forms a rosette of leaves 8-10 inches tall that resembles a carrot with a long tap
root. The second season the plant grows to 2-3 feet tall and produces a large, flat-topped flower head
with white flowers. Caraway seed flavor is Anise-like, earthy and peppery.
Introduction
Mr. John Doe

Head Director

Description

Optimal Time/Temperature for Germination:
Caraway may be direct sown in either Spring or Autumn in prepared soil or started inside in peat pots to prevent transplant shock. Mulch plants in the winter if the soil freezes in your area. Expect germination in 4-14 days. Hardiness Zones are 4 to 9.
Optimal Soil Conditions:
Caraway prefers sunny and warm temperate climates and well drained moderately moist soil. It thrives with a pH of 6.5 to 7.0.
Seed Planting Depth, Spacing and Procedure:
Sow the seeds 1/2-inch (1 cm.) deep in fall or spring. Once seed germinates, thin the caraway plant to 8 to 12 inches (20-31 cm.) apart.
Best Companion Plants and Plants that Hinder:
Companion planting caraway with strawberries will enhance your strawberry crop. Companion planting caraway with fennel or dill should certainly be avoided.

Growing Instructions

Crop Maintenance

Moisture Requirements & Solutions:
Very little cultivation is required in caraway growing, but adequate moisture is an important component in the first year. The foliage of caraway plants need to be kept dry during irrigation, so a drip hose is an excellent way to keep the soil moisture level up.
Weeding Needs & Solutions:
Germination is slow and sporadic when growing caraway seeds, and the herb may be inter cropped to help prevent weeds and manage soil conditions.
Feeding Needs/Optimal Natural Fertilizers:
Mulch the roots of the plant heavily with straw or organic mulch, which will add nutrients to the soil. Cut the plant back in the fall as it will die back and re-sprout in spring.
Pests, Diseases & Solutions:
Caraway has few pests or disease problems. Plant a second crop a year after the first for consistent production. Caraway will attract parasitic wasps and hover flies and will help protect other plants from agricultural pests.
When to Harvest/Number of days to maturity:
Since the plant is biennial, harvest leaves when young in the first year of growth for use in salads and soups. Harvest seed heads about a month after blossoming in the second year. The roots may also be dug the second year and used as a root vegetable.
How to Harvest:
Shake the heads into a paper bag and separate the debris.
Optimal Storage temperature and conditions:
Place in a jar in a cool, dark location. Before storing, make sure seeds are thoroughly dry. You can store whole caraway in the refrigerator if you really want to prolong its shelf-life. Although the whole seed is frequently used, sometimes you’ll want to impart caraway’s distinctive flavor without the crunch of the whole seed. In this case, ground caraway can be used. The ground version is more potent, so if a recipe calls for one teaspoon of whole caraway, you would substitute a scant 3/4 teaspoon of the ground version.
Optimal Preserving Procedures:
Seed Saving:

Harvest and Storage

Notes

Often seeds are used in sauerkraut, rye bread, slaws, cheese, potato, apples, pork, sausage, cakes, cookies, soups, omelets, rice, and pasta dishes. Caraway seeds were customarily chewed to freshen breath and the essential oil extracted from caraway is used in mouthwashes, toothpastes, and chewing gums.

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